{"id":11123,"date":"2025-10-30T16:24:26","date_gmt":"2025-10-30T08:24:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/?p=11123"},"modified":"2025-11-22T10:10:41","modified_gmt":"2025-11-22T02:10:41","slug":"dementia-drugs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/dementia-drugs\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u85e5\u7269"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\uff0c\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u8166\u9000\u5316\u75c7\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5931\u667a\u75c7\u300d\u6216\u300c\u8001\u4eba\u75f4\u5446\u75c7\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5927\u8166\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de\u75c5\u8b8a\u800c\u5f15\u81f4\u5927\u8166\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\u5730\u8870\u9000\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u6b64\u75be\u75c5\u4e0d\u55ae\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u529b\uff0c\u9084\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u3001\u5b78\u7fd2\u3001\u5224\u65b7\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u6027\u60c5\u3002\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u73fe\u6642\u9084\u672a\u6709\u6839\u6cbb\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u900f\u904e\u85e5\u7269\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u6e1b\u8f15\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u6216\u5ef6\u7de9\u8870\u9000\u3002\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7a2e\u985e\uff0c\u6b64\u6587\u5c07\u96c6\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7d39\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u963f\u5179\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u4e4b\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642\u3002<\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\u7e41\u591a\uff0c\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u60a3\u4e0a\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u9577\u8005\u6709 60 \u2013 70% \u5c6c\u65bc\u963f\u5179\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\uff08Alzheimer\u2019s Disease\uff09\u3002\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u7684\u75c5\u56e0\u662f\u7570\u5e38 \u03b2-\u6fb1\u7c89\u6a23\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u5806\u7a4d\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u5bb9\u6613\u5728\u5927\u8166\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u5916\u805a\u96c6\u4e26\u5f62\u6210\u9ecf\u6027\u6591\u584a\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7247\u6bb5\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6703\u7834\u58de\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u901a\u8a0a\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5c0e\u81f4\u795e\u7d93\u9000\u5316\u6027\u75c5\u8b8a\u3002\u03b2-\u6fb1\u7c89\u6a23\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6703\u900f\u904e\u640d\u5bb3\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u5c0e\u7269\u8cea\u91cb\u653e\u3001\u964d\u4f4e\u7a81\u89f8\uff08\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u9ede\uff09\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u5e72\u64fe\u7a81\u89f8\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u4f86\u7834\u58de\u7a81\u89f8\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u4e2d\uff0c\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u5c0e\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u986f\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u8a18\u61b6\u548c\u8a8d\u77e5\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u95dc\u9375\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\uff08Acetylcholine\uff09\u3002\u6295\u5c04\u5230\u6d77\u99ac\u9ad4\u548c\u5927\u8166\u76ae\u8cea\u7684\u57fa\u5e95\u524d\u8166\u81bd\u9e7c\u80fd\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u7684\u9000\u5316\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\u8a0a\u865f\u50b3\u5c0e\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u4e2d\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u529b\u53d7\u640d\u548c\u8a8d\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u6b64\u75be\u75c5\u4e0d\u4f46\u5f71\u97ff\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u3001\u5224\u65b7\u548c\u57f7\u884c\u529b\uff0c\u66f4\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5176\u60c5\u7dd2\u548c\u884c\u70ba\u3002<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u6642\u767c\u5c55\u7de9\u6162\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8f03\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5f8c\u671f\u75c7\u72c0\u52a0\u5287\uff0c\u4fbf\u6703\u5728\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u5f71\u97ff\u60a3\u8005\u3002\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8f49\u7684\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u56b4\u91cd\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6709 20 \u2013 30% \u672c\u6e2f\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u5c6c\u65bc\u8840\u7ba1\u6027\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\uff08Vascular Dementia\uff09\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u8166\u4e2d\u98a8\u6216\u8840\u7ba1\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u4f9b\u8840\u5230\u5927\u8166\u7684\u52d5\u8108\u51fa\u73fe\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u4ee4\u8166\u90e8\u7d30\u80de\u53d7\u640d\u3002\u6b64\u985e\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u8996\u4e4e\u8166\u90e8\u54ea\u4e9b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u8207\u963f\u5179\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u5916\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u5e7b\u89ba\u3002\u8840\u7ba1\u6027\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u9000\u5316\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5b9a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9000\u5316\u5f97\u5f88\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\u5305\u62ec\u8166\u90e8\u524d\u984d\u9873\u8449\u75c5\u8b8a\u3001\u8def\u6613\u9ad4\u7661\u5446\u75c7\u3001\u67cf\u91d1\u905c\u75c7\u8166\u9000\u5316\u75c7\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u7bc7\u5e45\u6240\u9650\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u6b64\u6587\u8a73\u8ff0\u3002<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u75c5\u56e0\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u5e02\u6c11\u5982\u61f7\u7591\u81ea\u5df1\u6216\u5bb6\u4eba\u60a3\u4e0a\u6b64\u75c5\uff0c\u61c9\u53ca\u65e9\u6c42\u91ab\uff0c\u5c0d\u75c7\u4e0b\u85e5\uff0c\u5207\u5fcc\u81ea\u884c\u5224\u65b7\u751a\u6216\u81ea\u884c\u670d\u7528\u85e5\u7269\u53ca\u5065\u5eb7\u7522\u54c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5e74\u8001\u3001\u5177\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u5bb6\u65cf\u53f2\u3001\u60a3\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u3001\u8166\u5275\u50b7\u3001\u5438\u7159\u548c\u9157\u9152\u90fd\u662f\u60a3\u4e0a\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u826f\u597d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7fd2\u6163\u3001\u9810\u9632\u53ca\u63a7\u5236\u4e09\u9ad8\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u9810\u9632\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u5f71\u97ff\u795e\u667a\u85e5\u7269<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u6709\u6297\u81bd\u9e7c\u4f5c\u7528\uff08Anti-cholinergic effect\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u6291\u5236\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\u5728\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u5728\u8a18\u61b6\u548c\u8a8d\u77e5\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4f86\u5f71\u97ff\u795e\u667a\u3002\u6545\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8a72\u985e\u5225\u7684\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u8003\u616e\u5148\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u8f03\u4e0d\u5f71\u97ff\u795e\u667a\u7684\u85e5\u7269\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u6297\u7d44\u7e54\u80fa\u85e5\u53d6\u4ee3\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\uff0c\u53c3\u770b\u300c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/minor-ailment-nasal\/\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u5e73\u5b89\u85e5 \u2013 \u9f3b\u8154\u4e0d\u9069 (\u9f3b\u6c34\u3001\u9f3b\u585e)<\/span><\/a>\u300d\u4e00\u6587\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<table width=\"602\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"301\"><strong>\u985e\u5225<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"301\"><strong>\u4f8b\u5b50<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"301\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u6297\u7d44\u7e54\u80fa \/ \u6297\u654f\u85e5<\/td>\n<td width=\"301\">Chlorpheniramine, Diphenhydramine, Hydroxyzine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"301\">\u6b62\u5614\u85e5<\/td>\n<td width=\"301\">Metoclopramide, Prochlorperazine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"301\">\u9d09\u7247\u985e\u6b62\u75db\u85e5 \/ \u6b62\u54b3\u85e5<\/td>\n<td width=\"301\">Tramadol, Codeine<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"301\">\u7cbe\u795e\u79d1\u85e5<\/td>\n<td width=\"301\">Amitriptyline, Clozapine, Benzodiazepines<\/p>\n<p>\u5982 Alprazolam, Diazepam<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"301\">\u63a7\u5c0f\u4fbf\u5931\u7981\u85e5<\/td>\n<td width=\"301\">Oxybutynin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642\u76ee\u6a19<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u4ee5\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u6709\u4e8c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>(1) \u7d13\u7de9\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u72c0<\/p>\n<p>(2) \u6539\u5584\u884c\u7232\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u5982\u4fb5\u7565\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u548c\u7126\u616e\u60c5\u7dd2<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h4><strong>(1) \u7d13\u7de9\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u72c0<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\u7531\u65bc\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8f49\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u670d\u7528\u85e5\u7269\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee4\u60a3\u8005\u5b8c\u5168\u5eb7\u5fa9\u3002\u6297\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u85e5\u7269\u80fd\u5920\u7d13\u7de9\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u72c0\u3002<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642\u9700\u8981 3 \u81f3 6 \u500b\u6708\u624d\u80fd\u898b\u6548<\/span>\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u60a3\u8005\u9700\u8981\u6642\u9593\u627e\u6709\u6548\u7684\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5617\u8a66\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u914d\u642d\u3002\u85e5\u7269\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u60a3\u8005\u53ca\u7167\u9867\u8005\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u56b4\u91cd\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u6642\u9700\u8981\u8aee\u8a62\u91ab\u751f\u3002\u91ab\u751f\u4ea6\u6703\u5b9a\u671f\u76e3\u5bdf\u85e5\u6548\u548c\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7528\u85e5\u6642\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">(A) \u81bd\u9e7c\u916f\u8122\u6291\u5236\u5291 <\/span><\/h5>\n<p>\u81bd\u9e7c\u916f\u8122\u6291\u5236\u5291\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u662f\u900f\u904e\u6291\u5236\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\u964d\u89e3\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\u5728\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u901a\u8a0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u529b\u548c\u8a8d\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u65bc<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u8f15\u5ea6\u81f3\u4e2d\u5ea6<\/span>\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\uff0c\u800c Donepezil \u53e3\u670d\u85e5 \u548c Rivastigmine \u85e5\u8cbc\u4ea6\u53ef\u7528\u65bc<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u4e2d\u5ea6\u81f3\u56b4\u91cd<\/span>\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u75c5\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><em>(i) \u53e3\u670d\u85e5<\/em><\/h5>\n<table width=\"548\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>\u53e3\u670d\u85e5<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"147\"><strong>\u6bcf\u65e5\u670d\u85e5\u6b21\u6578<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"137\"><strong>\u670d\u85e5\u6642\u9593<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"137\"><strong>\u670d\u85e5\u8207\u9032\u9910\u6642\u9593<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Donepezil<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"147\">\u6bcf\u65e5 1 \u6b21<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u665a<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\/<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Galantamine<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"147\">\u77ed\u6548\uff1a\u6bcf\u65e5 2 \u6b21<\/p>\n<p>\u9577\u6548\uff1a\u6bcf\u65e5 1 \u6b21<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u77ed\u6548\uff1a\u65e9\u3001\u665a<\/p>\n<p>\u9577\u6548\uff1a\u65e9<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u9032\u9910\u6642\u670d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>Rivastigmine<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"147\">\u6bcf\u65e5 2 \u6b21<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u65e9\u3001\u665a<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u9032\u9910\u6642\u670d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><em>(ii) \u5916\u7528\u85e5<\/em><\/h5>\n<p>\u53ea\u6709 Rivastigmine \u6709\u85e5\u8cbc\u5291\u578b\uff0c\u85e5\u8cbc\u5728 24 \u5c0f\u6642\u63d0\u4f9b\u85e5\u6548\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u85e5\u7269\u5438\u6536\u7684\u7a69\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u670d\u7528\u53e3\u670d\u85e5\u7269\u5291\u91cf\u63d0\u5347\u6642\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u8178\u80c3\u4e0d\u9069\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5c07\u85e5\u8cbc\u8cbc\u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u78b0\u5230\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5982\u4e0a\u80cc\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u9632\u6b62\u60a3\u8005\u64c5\u81ea\u5c07\u85e5\u8cbc\u9664\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u76f8\u6bd4\u85e5\u4e38\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u85e5\u8cbc\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u6280\u5de7\u9700\u8981\u7559\u610f\uff0c\u75c5\u4eba\u53ca\u7167\u9867\u8005\u9700\u5148\u4ed4\u7d30\u95b1\u8b80\u85e5\u7269\u8aaa\u660e\u66f8\uff0c\u6216\u8aee\u8a62\u85e5\u5291\u5e2b\u3002<\/span>\u91cd\u9ede\u5217\u8209\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u53ea\u8cbc\u4e00\u7247\u85e5\u8cbc<\/li>\n<li>\u85e5\u8cbc\u53ef\u8cbc\u5728\u624b\u81c2\u4e0a\u81c2\u3001\u80f8\u53e3\u3001\u4e0a\/\u4e0b\u80cc<\/li>\n<li>\u5c07\u85e5\u8cbc\u8cbc\u5728\u4e7e\u6de8\u3001\u4e7e\u71e5\u3001\u7121\u6bdb\u4e14\u7121\u640d\u50b7\u7684\u76ae\u819a\u4e0a\uff0c\u6309\u7dca\u85e5\u8cbc<\/li>\n<li>\u65bc\u6bcf\u5929\u540c\u4e00\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u6bcf24\u5c0f\u6642\u66f4\u63db\u4e00\u6b21\u85e5\u8cbc\uff1b\u53ef\u5728\u85e5\u8cbc\u4e0a\u5beb\u4e0b\u8cbc\u9644\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u53ca\u6642\u9593<\/li>\n<li>\u6bcf\u5929\u66f4\u63db\u8cbc\u9644\u90e8\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ee5\u514d\u523a\u6fc0\u76ae\u819a\uff08\u5982\u7d05\u75b9\u548c\u75d5\u7662\uff09\uff1b\u540c\u4e00\u500b\u8cbc\u9644\u9ede\u8ddd\u96e2\u4e0a\u6b21\u8cbc\u9644\u7684\u65e5\u671f\u61c9\u81f3\u5c11\u76f8\u9694 14 \u5929<\/li>\n<li>\u8cbc\u4e0a\u65b0\u7684\u85e5\u8cbc\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u52d9\u5fc5\u5148\u9664\u4e0b\u524d\u4e00\u5929\u7684\u8cbc\u7247<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><em>(iii) \u81bd\u9e7c\u916f\u8122\u6291\u5236\u5291\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528<\/em><\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5641\u5fc3\u3001\u5614\u5410\u3001\u8179\u7009\u3001\u98df\u617e\u4e0d\u632f<\/li>\n<li>\u982d\u75db\u3001\u982d\u6688\u3001\u75b2\u5026\u3001\u5931\u7720\u3001\u808c\u8089\u62bd\u6410<\/li>\n<li>\u5fc3\u8df3\u6e1b\u6162\u3001\u5fc3\u5f8b\u4e0d\u6b63<\/li>\n<li>\u54ee\u5598\u3001\u6c23\u7ba1\u708e<\/li>\n<li>\u5c0f\u4fbf\u4e0d\u66a2\u9806\u3001\u5c3f\u983b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">(B) \u81bd\u9e7c\u916f\u8122\u6291\u5236\u5291<\/span><\/h5>\n<p>\u7531\u65bc NMDA \u53d7\u9ad4\u904e\u5ea6\u6d3b\u5316\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u9ea9\u80fa\u9178\uff08Glutamate\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u8208\u596e\u6027\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u5c0e\u7269\u8cea\uff09\u904e\u91cf\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5c0e\u81f4\u8208\u596e\u6bd2\u6027\u548c\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u7d30\u80de\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u7a40\u6c28\u9178\u916f\u9176\u6291\u5236\u5291\u5247\u80fd\u963b\u65b7 NMDA \u9ea9\u80fa\u9178\u53d7\u9ad4\uff0c\u4f7f\u9ea9\u80fa\u9178\u7cfb\u7d71\u6b63\u5e38\u5316\u4e26\u6539\u5584\u8a8d\u77e5\u548c\u8a18\u61b6\u7f3a\u9677\u3002Memantine \u9069\u7528\u65bc<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u4e2d\u5ea6\u81f3\u56b4\u91cd<\/span>\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\uff0c\u6216\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u81bd\u9e7c\u916f\u8122\u6291\u5236\u5291\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n<table width=\"548\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"127\"><strong>\u53e3\u670d\u85e5<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"147\"><strong>\u6bcf\u65e5\u670d\u85e5\u6b21\u6578<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"165\"><strong>\u9032\u9910<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"109\"><strong>\u670d\u85e5\u6642\u9593<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"127\">Memantine<\/td>\n<td width=\"147\">\u6bcf\u5929\u670d 1 \u81f3 2 \u6b21<\/td>\n<td width=\"165\">\u9032\u9910\u6642\u6216\u7a7a\u8179\u670d\u4ea6\u53ef<\/td>\n<td width=\"109\">\u65e9\u3001\u665a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u7a40\u6c28\u9178\u916f\u9176\u6291\u5236\u5291\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5641\u5fc3\u3001\u5614\u5410\u3001\u4fbf\u79d8<\/li>\n<li>\u982d\u75db\u3001\u982d\u6688\u3001\u75b2\u5026\u3001\u55dc\u7761<\/li>\n<li>\u8840\u58d3\u4e0a\u5347<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">(C) \u65b0\u5f0f\u6cbb\u7642<\/span><\/h5>\n<p>Lecanemab \u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u7a2e\u88ab\u7814\u767c\u70ba\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ef6\u7de9\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u60e1\u5316\u7684\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u7d93\u885e\u751f\u7f72\u8a3b\u518a\u3002Lecanemab \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u514d\u75ab\u7642\u6cd5\uff0c\u80fd\u91dd\u5c0d\u6fb1\u7c89\u6a23\u86cb\u767d\u03b2\uff08\u5373\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u6210\u56e0\uff09\u7684\u6297\u9ad4\uff0c\u5e6b\u52a9\u6e05\u9664\u6fb1\u7c89\u6a23\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u7528\u65bc<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u8f15\u5ea6\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u60a3\u8005<\/span>\u3002\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u986f\u793a\u9019\u7a2e\u85e5\u53ef\u4ee5<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u6e1b\u6162\u65e9\u671f\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u529b\u548c\u601d\u8003\u80fd\u529b\u4e0b\u964d<\/span>\u3002Lecanemab \u7684\u7d66\u85e5\u65b9\u5f0f\u662f\u7d93<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u975c\u8108\u8f38\u6ce8<\/span>\uff0c\u525b\u958b\u59cb\u7528\u85e5\u6bcf\u5169\u5468\u8f38\u6ce8\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bcf\u56db\u5468\u4e00\u6b21\u3002\u73fe\u6642\u4ea6\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5ef6\u7de9\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u60e1\u5316\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u570b\u5bb6\u7372\u85e5\u7269\u76e3\u7ba1\u5c40\u5be9\u6279\u8a3b\u518a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u85e5\u7269\u82e5\u80fd\u300c\u6cbb\u672c\u300d\u56fa\u7136\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u4f7f\u7528 Lecanemab \u4ea6\u9700\u8981\u7559\u610f\u6f5b\u5728\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u53ca\u9650\u5236\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u985e\u6fb1\u7c89\u6a23\u86cb\u767d\u76f8\u95dc\u5f71\u50cf\u5b78\u7570\u5e38<\/strong>\uff08ARIA\uff09\uff1aARIA \u901a\u5e38\u7121\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u4f46\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u8166\u6c34\u816b\u53ca\u8166\u5167\u51fa\u8840\uff0c\u56b4\u91cd\u53ef\u81f4\u547d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u958b\u59cb\u6cbb\u7642\u524d\u9700\u8981\u7528\u78c1\u529b\u5171\u632f\u6383\u63cf\u78ba\u8a8d\u75c5\u4eba\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u5426\u6709\u6fb1\u7c89\u6a23 \u03b2 \u86cb\u767d\u75c5\u8b8a\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u958b\u59cb\u7528\u85e5\u4ea6\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6642\u9593\u505a\u78c1\u529b\u5171\u632f\u6383\u63cf\u4ee5\u76e3\u5bdf\u8166\u75c5\u8b8a\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u8f38\u6ce8\u76f8\u95dc\u53cd\u61c9<\/strong>\uff08IRR\uff09\uff1a\u7531\u65bc Lecanemab \u662f\u975c\u8108\u8f38\u6ce8\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u5f15\u81f4\u8f38\u6ce8\u76f8\u95dc\u53cd\u61c9\uff0c\u75c7\u72c0\u5305\u62ec\u767c\u71d2\u3001\u6d41\u611f\u6a23\u75c7\u72c0\uff08\u5982\u767c\u51b7\u3001\u8eab\u9ad4\u75bc\u75db\u3001\u986b\u6296\u3001\u95dc\u7bc0\u75db\uff09\u3001\u5641\u5fc3\u3001\u5614\u5410\u3001\u982d\u6688\u3001\u547c\u5438\u56f0\u96e3\u7b49<\/li>\n<li>Lecanemab \u53ea\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u65e9\u671f\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\uff0c\u73fe\u6642\u66ab\u672a\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u652f\u6301\u5b83\u5728\u4e2d\u5ea6\u81f3\u56b4\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u7684\u6210\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u5fd8\u8a18\u670d\u6297\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u85e5<\/span><\/h5>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u9700\u8981\u5b9a\u6642\u670d\u85e5\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u9054\u5230\u6700\u4f73\u85e5\u6548\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5011\u8f03\u4e00\u822c\u75c5\u4eba\u5bb9\u6613\u5fd8\u8a18\u670d\u85e5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u60a3\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u7167\u9867\u8005\u66f4\u9700\u77e5\u9053\u5982\u4f55\u9632\u6b62\u6f0f\u670d\u85e5\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6f0f\u670d\u85e5\u7684\u8655\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u9632\u6b62\u6f0f\u670d\u85e5\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u5584\u7528\u85e5\u76d2<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e02\u9762\u4e0a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u85e5\u76d2\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002\u5982\u679c\u75c5\u4eba\u5728\u4e00\u5929\u5167\u9700\u8981\u591a\u6b21\u670d\u85e5\uff0c\u5efa\u8b70\u9078\u8cfc\u5206\u6642\u6bb5\uff08\u5982\u65e9\u3001\u5348\u3001\u665a\u3001\u7761\u524d\uff09\u7684\u4e00\u661f\u671f\uff08\u5171 7 \u5929 X 4 \u500b\u6642\u6bb5 = 28 \u683c\uff09\u85e5\u76d2\u3002\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u8a71\uff0c\u4e00\u661f\u671f\u53ea\u9700\u57f7\u4e00\u6b21\u85e5\u76d2\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u670d\u85e5\u7684\u6642\u5019\u6bcb\u9808\u518d\u56de\u60f3\u8a72\u6642\u6bb5\u9700\u8981\u670d\u4ec0\u9ebc\u85e5\uff0c\u6e1b\u5c11\u56e0\u8a18\u61b6\u932f\u8aa4\u800c\u8aa4\u670d\u6216\u6f0f\u670d\u85e5\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8a72\u6642\u6bb5\u5167\u898b\u5230\u85e5\u683c\u5167\u9084\u6709\u85e5\uff0c\u5373\u4ee3\u8868\u672a\u66fe\u670d\u8a72\u5291\u91cf\uff0c\u53ef\u5118\u5feb\u88dc\u670d\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u97ff\u9b27\u88dd\u7f6e\u63d0\u9192\u670d\u85e5\u6642\u9593<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u624b\u6a5f\u7684\u9599\u9418\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff0c\u6216\u4e0b\u8f09\u85e5\u7269\u7ba1\u7406\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u518d\u4f5c\u51fa\u670d\u85e5\u6642\u9593\u97ff\u9b27\u8a2d\u5b9a\uff0c\u63d0\u9192\u60a3\u8005\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6642\u9593\u670d\u85e5\u3002<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u5c07\u85e5\u76d2\u653e\u5728\u7576\u773c\u8655<\/strong>\u5982\u98ef\u684c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6f0f\u670d\u85e5\u7684\u8655\u7406\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5018\u82e5\u5728\u6f0f\u670d\u85e5\u5f8c\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5167\u8a18\u8d77\uff0c\u53ef\u5118\u5feb\u88dc\u670d\u8a72\u5291\u91cf\uff1b\u4f46\u82e5\u904e\u4e86\u592a\u9577\u6642\u9593\u624d\u8a18\u8d77\uff0c\u8eab\u9ad4\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u9069\u61c9\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u61c9\u5f9e\u4f4e\u5291\u91cf\u958b\u59cb\u9010\u6f38\u52a0\u85e5\u81f3\u539f\u672c\u5291\u91cf\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73fe\u4e0d\u53ef\u8010\u53d7\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5982\u6709\u7591\u554f\uff0c<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u53ef\u8aee\u8a62\u91ab\u751f\u6216\u85e5\u5291\u5e2b\uff0c\u5207\u5fcc\u81ea\u884c\u8abf\u6559\u85e5\u7269\u5291\u91cf\u6216\u505c\u85e5<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table width=\"604\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"304\"><strong>\u53e3\u670d<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"300\"><strong>\u85e5\u8cbc <\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"304\">\u6578\u5929\u5167\u8a18\u8d77\uff1a\u7121\u9700\u88dc\u670d\u5fd8\u8a18\u7684\u5291\u91cf\uff0c\u5f85\u4e0b\u6b21\u6309\u6642\u670d\u85e5\uff08\u6b63\u5e38\u5291\u91cf\uff0c\u5207\u52ff\u52a0\u85e5\uff09<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u6578\u5929\uff08\u5982\u4e00\u661f\u671f\uff09\u5f8c\u8a18\u8d77\uff1a\u627e\u91ab\u751f\uff0c\u9700\u5f9e\u65b0\u8abf\u8f03\u5291\u91cf<\/td>\n<td width=\"300\">\u4e00\u81f3\u4e09\u5929\u5167\u8a18\u8d77\uff1a\u7acb\u523b\u8cbc\u4e0a\u65b0\u85e5\u8cbc\uff08\u5148\u9664\u4e0b\u820a\u8cbc\uff09<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4e09\u5929\u5f8c\u8a18\u8d77\uff1a\u627e\u91ab\u751f\uff0c\u9700\u5f9e\u65b0\u8abf\u8f03\u5291\u91cf<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>(2) \u6539\u5584\u884c\u7232\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u75c7\u72c0<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u73fe\u6642\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u85e5\u7269\u7372\u85e5\u7269\u76e3\u7ba1\u5c40\u8a3b\u518a\u7528\u65bc\u6cbb\u7642\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u76f8\u95dc\u884c\u7232\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u85e5\u7269\u53ea\u80fd\u91dd\u5c0d\u6027\u5730\u7de9\u89e3\u90e8\u4efd\u75c7\u72c0<\/span>\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e00\u7a2e\u85e5\u89e3\u6c7a\u6240\u6709\u6539\u5584\u884c\u7232\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u75c7\u72c0\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6703<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u5148\u7528\u975e\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642<\/span>\u5982\u8077\u696d\u6cbb\u7642\u3001\u611f\u5b98\u523a\u6fc0\u6cbb\u7642\u548c\u73fe\u5be6\u5c0e\u5411\uff0c\u82e5\u975e\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642\u7121\u6548<strong>\u3001<\/strong>\u75c7\u72c0\u56b4\u91cd\u6216\u75c5\u4eba\u6703\u50b7\u5bb3\u81ea\u5df1\u6216\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u91ab\u751f\u6703\u518d\u8003\u616e\u4f7f\u7528\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642\u3002\u958b\u59cb\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642\u5f8c\u5b9c 4 \u661f\u671f\u5167\u8a55\u4f30\u6210\u6548\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u60a3\u8005\u9700\u8981\u6642\u9593\u627e\u6709\u6548\u7684\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5617\u8a66\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u914d\u642d\u3002\u85e5\u7269\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u60a3\u8005\u53ca\u7167\u9867\u8005\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u51fa\u73fe\u56b4\u91cd\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u6642\u9700\u8981\u5c0b\u6c42\u91ab\u751f\u5354\u52a9\u3002\u91ab\u751f\u4ea6\u6703\u5b9a\u671f\u76e3\u5bdf\u85e5\u6548\u548c\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7528\u85e5\u6642\u9650\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u5efa\u8b70\u4e0d\u591a\u65bc 3 \u81f3 4 \u500b\u6708\uff0c\u4f46\u5be6\u969b\u7528\u85e5\u60c5\u6cc1\u9084\u9700\u770b\u75c5\u4eba\u5c0d\u75c5\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n<table width=\"548\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"143\"><strong>\u7a2e\u985e<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"131\"><strong>\u4f8b\u5b50<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"137\"><strong>\u91dd\u5c0d\u75c7\u72c0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"137\"><strong>\u53ef\u80fd\u526f\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"143\">\u6297\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u85e5<\/td>\n<td width=\"131\">Haloperidol, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u5e7b\u89ba\u3001\u5e7b\u807d\u3001\u5984\u60f3<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u9310\u9ad4\u5916\u75c7\u5019\u7fa4 \u6297\u81bd\u9e7c\u4f5c\u7528 \u589e\u52a0\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u3001\u8166\u8840\u7ba1\u75be \u75c5\u3001\u611f\u67d3\u7b49\u98a8\u96aa<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"143\">\u6297\u6291\u9b31\u85e5<\/td>\n<td width=\"131\">Citalopram, Trazodone, Mirtazapine<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u6291\u9b31\u3001\u7126\u616e\u3001 \u4fb5\u7565\u6027<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u8840\u6e05\u7d20\u75c7\u5019\u7fa4<\/p>\n<p>\u5f71\u97ff\u6027\u529f\u80fd<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"143\">\u8a8d\u77e5\u589e\u5f37\u5291<\/td>\n<td width=\"131\">Donepezil, Galantamine, Rivastigmine, Memantine<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u51b7\u6f20\u3001\u5e7b\u89ba\u3001\u5984\u60f3<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u8178\u80c3\u4e0d\u9069 \u5931\u7720 \/ \u55dc\u7761<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"143\">\u60c5\u7dd2\u7a69\u5b9a\u5291 \/ \u6297\u8166\u764e\u85e5<\/td>\n<td width=\"131\">Carbamazepine, Valproate, Topiramate, Lamotrigine, Gabapentin<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u4fb5\u7565\u6027\u3001\u591a\u52d5\u3001 \u8a00\u8a9e\u6025\u4fc3\u3001 \u60c5\u7dd2\u81a8\u8139<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0d\u540c\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u5982\u809d\u814e\u529f\u80fd\u53ca\u5168\u8840\u7d30\u80de\u6307\u6578<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"143\">\u93ae\u975c\u5291 \/ \u5b89\u7720\u85e5<\/td>\n<td width=\"131\">Alprazolam, Clonazepam, Diazepam, Lorazepam<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u7dca\u5f35\u3001\u7169\u8e81\u3001\u5931\u7720<\/td>\n<td width=\"137\">\u5f71\u97ff\u795e\u667a\u53ca\u904b\u52d5\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n<p>\u53cd\u5e38\u53cd\u61c9 \u2013 \u8e81\u52d5 \u8010\u85e5\u6027\u3001\u4e0a\u766e<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5ef6\u4f38\u95b1\u8b80\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u91ab\u9662\u7ba1\u7406\u5c40 \u2013 \u667a\u53cb\u7ad9\u3002\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u3002\u53d6\u81ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smartpatient.ha.org.hk\/smart-patient-web\/disease-management\/disease-information\/disease\/Dementia\">https:\/\/www.smartpatient.ha.org.hk\/smart-patient-web\/disease-management\/disease-information\/disease\/Dementia<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u793e\u6703\u798f\u5229\u7f72\u3002\u5168\u57ce\u300c\u8a8d\u77e5\u7121\u969c\u7919\u300d\u5927\u884c\u52d5 \u2013 \u81ea\u5b78\u5e73\u53f0\u3002\u53d6\u81ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.swd.gov.hk\/dementiacampaign\/tc\/info_2.html\">https:\/\/www.swd.gov.hk\/dementiacampaign\/tc\/info_2.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u9999\u6e2f\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u5354\u6703\u3002\u751a\u9ebc\u662f\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u3002\u53d6\u81ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkada.org.hk\/what-is-dementia\">https:\/\/www.hkada.org.hk\/what-is-dementia<\/a><\/li>\n<li>\u8cfd\u99ac\u6703\u8006\u667a\u5712\u3002\u8a8d\u8b58\u8166\u9000\u5316\u75c7\u3002\u53d6\u81ea <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jccpa.org.hk\/about-dementia\/\">https:\/\/www.jccpa.org.hk\/about-dementia\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The Hong Kong Geriatrics Society. Practical Manual of Dementia In Older Adults (Third Edition). 2022. Available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hkgs.org\/en-psg.html\">https:\/\/www.hkgs.org\/en-psg.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li>National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. NICE guideline: Dementia: assessment, management and support for people living with dementia and their carers [NG97]. 2018. Available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng97\">https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng97<\/a><\/li>\n<li>European Medicines Agency. Exelon \u2013 European public assessment report. 2008. Available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/medicines\/human\/EPAR\/exelon\">https:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/en\/medicines\/human\/EPAR\/exelon<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Eisai &amp; Biogen. Leqembi Prescribing Information. 2025. Available at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.leqembi.com\/-\/media\/Files\/Leqembi\/Prescribing-Information.pdf?hash=a88be7f8-601d-4c21-847d-790c0186ef18\">https:\/\/www.leqembi.com<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u4f5c\u8005\ufe30\u8a3b\u518a\u85e5\u5291\u5e2b<\/p>\n<p>\u6700\u5f8c\u66f4\u65b0\u65e5\u671f\uff1a2025 \u5e74 10 \u6708<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\uff0c\u53c8\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u8166\u9000\u5316\u75c7\u300d\u3001\u300c\u5931\u667a\u75c7\u300d\u6216\u300c\u8001\u4eba\u75f4\u5446\u75c7\u300d\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5927\u8166\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de\u75c5\u8b8a\u800c\u5f15\u81f4\u5927\u8166\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u6b63\u5e38\u5730\u8870\u9000\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u3002\u6b64\u75be\u75c5\u4e0d\u55ae\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u529b\uff0c\u9084\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u8a9e\u8a00\u3001\u5b78\u7fd2\u3001\u5224\u65b7\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u6027\u60c5\u3002\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u73fe\u6642\u9084\u672a\u6709\u6839\u6cbb\u7684\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u900f\u904e\u85e5\u7269\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u6cbb\u7642\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u6e1b\u8f15\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u6216\u5ef6\u7de9\u8870\u9000\u3002\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7a2e\u985e\uff0c\u6b64\u6587\u5c07\u96c6\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7d39\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u963f\u5179\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u4e4b\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\u7e41\u591a\uff0c\u5728\u9999\u6e2f\u60a3\u4e0a\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u9577\u8005\u6709 60 \u2013 70% \u5c6c\u65bc\u963f\u5179\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\uff08Alzheimer\u2019s Disease\uff09\u3002\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u7684\u75c5\u56e0\u662f\u7570\u5e38 \u03b2-\u6fb1\u7c89\u6a23\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u5806\u7a4d\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u5bb9\u6613\u5728\u5927\u8166\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u5916\u805a\u96c6\u4e26\u5f62\u6210\u9ecf\u6027\u6591\u584a\u7684\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u7247\u6bb5\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6703\u7834\u58de\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u901a\u8a0a\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5c0e\u81f4\u795e\u7d93\u9000\u5316\u6027\u75c5\u8b8a\u3002\u03b2-\u6fb1\u7c89\u6a23\u86cb\u767d\u7684\u7d2f\u7a4d\u6703\u900f\u904e\u640d\u5bb3\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u5c0e\u7269\u8cea\u91cb\u653e\u3001\u964d\u4f4e\u7a81\u89f8\uff08\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u9023\u63a5\u9ede\uff09\u5bc6\u5ea6\u548c\u5e72\u64fe\u7a81\u89f8\u53ef\u5851\u6027\u4f86\u7834\u58de\u7a81\u89f8\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u4e2d\uff0c\u795e\u7d93\u50b3\u5c0e\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u986f\u8457\u964d\u4f4e\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u8a18\u61b6\u548c\u8a8d\u77e5\u4e2d\u767c\u63ee\u95dc\u9375\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\uff08Acetylcholine\uff09\u3002\u6295\u5c04\u5230\u6d77\u99ac\u9ad4\u548c\u5927\u8166\u76ae\u8cea\u7684\u57fa\u5e95\u524d\u8166\u81bd\u9e7c\u80fd\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u7684\u9000\u5316\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\u8a0a\u865f\u50b3\u5c0e\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u5c0e\u81f4\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u4e2d\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u529b\u53d7\u640d\u548c\u8a8d\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\u3002\u6b64\u75be\u75c5\u4e0d\u4f46\u5f71\u97ff\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u3001\u5224\u65b7\u548c\u57f7\u884c\u529b\uff0c\u66f4\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u5176\u60c5\u7dd2\u548c\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u75be\u75c5\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u4e00\u958b\u59cb\u6642\u767c\u5c55\u7de9\u6162\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8f03\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u5f8c\u671f\u75c7\u72c0\u52a0\u5287\uff0c\u4fbf\u6703\u5728\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u5f71\u97ff\u60a3\u8005\u3002\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8f49\u7684\uff0c\u96a8\u8457\u6642\u9593\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u8b8a\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u56b4\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u6709 20 \u2013 30% \u672c\u6e2f\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u5c6c\u65bc\u8840\u7ba1\u6027\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\uff08Vascular Dementia\uff09\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u8166\u4e2d\u98a8\u6216\u8840\u7ba1\u75be\u75c5\uff0c\u4f9b\u8840\u5230\u5927\u8166\u7684\u52d5\u8108\u51fa\u73fe\u963b\u585e\uff0c\u4ee4\u8166\u90e8\u7d30\u80de\u53d7\u640d\u3002\u6b64\u985e\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u8996\u4e4e\u8166\u90e8\u54ea\u4e9b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u53d7\u5230\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u8207\u963f\u5179\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u75c7\u72c0\u5916\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u4eba\u6703\u51fa\u73fe\u5e7b\u89ba\u3002\u8840\u7ba1\u6027\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u9000\u5316\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u5b9a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9000\u5316\u5f97\u5f88\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4ed6\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u7a2e\u985e\u5305\u62ec\u8166\u90e8\u524d\u984d\u9873\u8449\u75c5\u8b8a\u3001\u8def\u6613\u9ad4\u7661\u5446\u75c7\u3001\u67cf\u91d1\u905c\u75c7\u8166\u9000\u5316\u75c7\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u7bc7\u5e45\u6240\u9650\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u6b64\u6587\u8a73\u8ff0\u3002\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u75c5\u56e0\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u5e02\u6c11\u5982\u61f7\u7591\u81ea\u5df1\u6216\u5bb6\u4eba\u60a3\u4e0a\u6b64\u75c5\uff0c\u61c9\u53ca\u65e9\u6c42\u91ab\uff0c\u5c0d\u75c7\u4e0b\u85e5\uff0c\u5207\u5fcc\u81ea\u884c\u5224\u65b7\u751a\u6216\u81ea\u884c\u670d\u7528\u85e5\u7269\u53ca\u5065\u5eb7\u7522\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u5e74\u8001\u3001\u5177\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u5bb6\u65cf\u53f2\u3001\u60a3\u5fc3\u8840\u7ba1\u75be\u75c5\u3001\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u3001\u8166\u5275\u50b7\u3001\u5438\u7159\u548c\u9157\u9152\u90fd\u662f\u60a3\u4e0a\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u98a8\u96aa\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u826f\u597d\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7fd2\u6163\u3001\u9810\u9632\u53ca\u63a7\u5236\u4e09\u9ad8\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u9810\u9632\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u5f71\u97ff\u795e\u667a\u85e5\u7269<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u6709\u6297\u81bd\u9e7c\u4f5c\u7528\uff08Anti-cholinergic effect\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u904e\u6291\u5236\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\u5728\u795e\u7d93\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u5728\u8a18\u61b6\u548c\u8a8d\u77e5\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u4f86\u5f71\u97ff\u795e\u667a\u3002\u6545\u6b64\uff0c\u5982\u6709\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u8a72\u985e\u5225\u7684\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u53ef\u8003\u616e\u5148\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u8f03\u4e0d\u5f71\u97ff\u795e\u667a\u7684\u85e5\u7269\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u7528\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ee3\u6297\u7d44\u7e54\u80fa\u85e5\u53d6\u4ee3\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\uff0c\u53c3\u770b\u300c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/minor-ailment-nasal\/\">\u5e73\u5b89\u85e5 \u2013 \u9f3b\u8154\u4e0d\u9069 (\u9f3b\u6c34\u3001\u9f3b\u585e)<\/a>\u300d\u4e00\u6587\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u985e\u5225<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u4f8b\u5b50<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u6297\u7d44\u7e54\u80fa \/ \u6297\u654f\u85e5<br \/>\nChlorpheniramine, Diphenhydramine, Hydroxyzine<\/p>\n<p>\u6b62\u5614\u85e5<br \/>\nMetoclopramide, Prochlorperazine<\/p>\n<p>\u9d09\u7247\u985e\u6b62\u75db\u85e5 \/ \u6b62\u54b3\u85e5<br \/>\nTramadol, Codeine<\/p>\n<p>\u7cbe\u795e\u79d1\u85e5<br \/>\nAmitriptyline, Clozapine, Benzodiazepines<\/p>\n<p>\u5982 Alprazolam, Diazepam<\/p>\n<p>\u63a7\u5c0f\u4fbf\u5931\u7981\u85e5<br \/>\nOxybutynin<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642\u76ee\u6a19<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u6709\u4e8c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>(1) \u7d13\u7de9\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u72c0<\/p>\n<p>(2) \u6539\u5584\u884c\u7232\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u75c7\u72c0\uff0c\u5982\u4fb5\u7565\u6027\u884c\u70ba\u548c\u7126\u616e\u60c5\u7dd2<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>(1) \u7d13\u7de9\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u72c0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u65bc\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u8f49\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u670d\u7528\u85e5\u7269\u4e0d\u80fd\u4ee4\u60a3\u8005\u5b8c\u5168\u5eb7\u5fa9\u3002\u6297\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u85e5\u7269\u80fd\u5920\u7d13\u7de9\u8a8d\u77e5\u969c\u7919\u75c7\u72c0\u3002\u85e5\u7269\u6cbb\u7642\u9700\u8981 3 \u81f3 6 \u500b\u6708\u624d\u80fd\u898b\u6548\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u60a3\u8005\u9700\u8981\u6642\u9593\u627e\u6709\u6548\u7684\u85e5\u7269\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5617\u8a66\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u85e5\u7269\u914d\u642d\u3002\u85e5\u7269\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u60a3\u8005\u53ca\u7167\u9867\u8005\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\uff0c\u56b4\u91cd\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u6642\u9700\u8981\u8aee\u8a62\u91ab\u751f\u3002\u91ab\u751f\u4ea6\u6703\u5b9a\u671f\u76e3\u5bdf\u85e5\u6548\u548c\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7528\u85e5\u6642\u9650\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>(A) \u81bd\u9e7c\u916f\u8122\u6291\u5236\u5291 <\/p>\n<p>\u81bd\u9e7c\u916f\u8122\u6291\u5236\u5291\u7684\u6a5f\u5236\u662f\u900f\u904e\u6291\u5236\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\u964d\u89e3\uff0c\u589e\u52a0\u4e59\u91af\u81bd\u9e7c\u5728\u795e\u7d93\u7d30\u80de\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u901a\u8a0a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6539\u5584\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u8a18\u61b6\u529b\u548c\u8a8d\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5b83\u5011\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u65bc\u8f15\u5ea6\u81f3\u4e2d\u5ea6\u963f\u8332\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\uff0c\u800c Donepezil \u53e3\u670d\u85e5 \u548c Rivastigmine \u85e5\u8cbc\u4ea6\u53ef\u7528\u65bc\u4e2d\u5ea6\u81f3\u56b4\u91cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u75c5\u6cc1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>(i) \u53e3\u670d\u85e5<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u53e3\u670d\u85e5<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u6bcf\u65e5\u670d\u85e5\u6b21\u6578<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u670d\u85e5\u6642\u9593<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u670d\u85e5\u8207\u9032\u9910\u6642\u9593<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Donepezil<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6bcf\u65e5 1 \u6b21<br \/>\n\u665a<br \/>\n\/<\/p>\n<p><strong>Galantamine<\/strong><br \/>\n\u77ed\u6548\uff1a\u6bcf\u65e5 2 \u6b21<\/p>\n<p>\u9577\u6548\uff1a\u6bcf\u65e5 1 \u6b21<br \/>\n\u77ed\u6548\uff1a\u65e9\u3001\u665a<\/p>\n<p>\u9577\u6548\uff1a\u65e9<br \/>\n\u9032\u9910\u6642\u670d<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rivastigmine<\/strong><br \/>\n\u6bcf\u65e5 2 \u6b21<br \/>\n\u65e9\u3001\u665a<br \/>\n\u9032\u9910\u6642\u670d<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>(ii) \u5916\u7528\u85e5<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u53ea\u6709 Rivastigmine \u6709\u85e5\u8cbc\u5291\u578b\uff0c\u85e5\u8cbc\u5728 [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3341,"featured_media":11124,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,92],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11123"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3341"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11123"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11123\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11280,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11123\/revisions\/11280"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11124"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}