{"id":7049,"date":"2022-12-02T12:06:05","date_gmt":"2022-12-02T04:06:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/?p=7049"},"modified":"2025-10-30T16:54:53","modified_gmt":"2025-10-30T08:54:53","slug":"exercise-supplements","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/exercise-supplements\/","title":{"rendered":"\u904b\u52d5\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5e02\u9762\u4e0a\u8072\u7a31\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u904b\u52d5\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u4e00\u822c\u53ef\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u589e\u88dc\u5291 (ergogenic aid)\u3002\u589e\u88dc\u5291\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f37\u529b\u91cf\u6216\u8010\u529b\uff0c\u6216\u63d0\u9ad8\u904b\u52d5\u6062\u5fa9\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u6e1b\u5c11\u904b\u52d5\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u904b\u52d5\u8868\u73fe\u6216\u9069\u61c9\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u66f4\u5feb\u9054\u5230\u904b\u52d5\u8868\u73fe\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u589e\u88dc\u5291\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1 (\u5982\u808c\u9178)\u3001\u71df\u990a\u88dc\u5145\u5291 (\u5982\u9435\u8cea\u3001\u7dad\u4ed6\u547d D\u3001\u86cb\u767d\u8cea)\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u897f\u85e5\u3001\u8a13\u7df4\u6280\u5de7\u6216\u5fc3\u7406\u6280\u8853\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6982\u8ff0\u5e7e\u7a2e\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1 \u2014\u2014 \u808c\u9178\u3001\u5496\u5561\u56e0\u3001\u751c\u83dc\u3001\u78b3\u9178\u6c2b\u9209\u3001\u03b2-\u4e19\u6c28\u9178\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u03b2-\u7fa5\u57fa-\u03b2-\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u9178 (HMB)\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
<\/td>\n\u539f\u7406\u548c\u6548\u7528<\/strong><\/td>\n\u526f\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/td>\n\u85e5\u7269\u76f8\u6c96<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u808c\u9178<\/p>\n

Creatine<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u808c\u9178\u662f\u7531\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u88fd\u6210\u7684\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u4eba\u9ad4\u80fd\u81ea\u7136\u88fd\u9020\uff0c\u4ea6\u80fd\u5f9e\u98f2\u98df\u4e2d\u651d\u53d6\uff0c\u5982\u6d77\u9bae\u548c\u7d05\u8089\u3002\u900f\u904e\u589e\u52a0\u808c\u8089\u4e2d\u808c\u9178\u7684\u8caf\u5099\u548c\u808c\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u88fd\u9020\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u9032\u884c\u91cd\u8986\u6027\u9593\u6b47\u6027\u9ad8\u5f37\u5ea6\u904b\u52d5 <\/span>(\u5982\u968a\u969b\u904b\u52d5\u3001\u6bd4\u8cfd) \u7684\u6548\u80fd\u3001\u9054\u81f3\u9577\u9060\u8a13\u7df4\u5982\u963b\u529b\u8a13\u7df4\u548c\u9593\u6b47\u5f0f\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u6de8\u9ad4\u91cd<\/span> (\u6e1b\u53bb\u8102\u80aa\u7684\u9ad4\u91cd) \u548c\u808c\u8089\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u808c\u9178\u4ea6\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u5f8c\u808c\u8089\u4fee\u5fa9<\/span>\uff0c\u5982\u9072\u767c\u6027\u808c\u8089\u75e0\u75db\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u9ad4\u91cd\u589e\u52a0 (\u56e0\u4ee4\u8eab\u9ad4\u5132\u6c34)<\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u814e\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u5168\u4eba\u58eb<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u7121\u5df2\u77e5\u91cd\u8981\u85e5\u7269\u76f8\u6c96<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u5496\u5561\u56e0<\/p>\n

Caffeine<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u4fc3\u9032\u808c\u8cea\u7db2 (\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u8ca0\u8cac\u808c\u8089\u6536\u7e2e\u7684\u7d50\u69cb) \u91cb\u653e\u9223\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u808c\u8089\u795e\u7d93\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u589e\u52a0\u80fa\u591a\u915a\u91cb\u653e\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u904b\u52d5\u8010\u529b<\/span> (\u5982\u9577\u8dd1) \u548c\u9032\u884c\u77ed\u66ab\u8d85\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u6216\u91cd\u8986\u885d\u523a\u52d5\u4f5c<\/span> (\u5982\u8db3\u7403) \u7684\u6548\u80fd\u3001\u6e1b\u5c11\u808c\u8089\u75b2\u52de\u548c\u75bc\u75db\u611f\u89ba<\/span>\uff0c\u4e26\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u8b66\u89ba\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u8178\u80c3\u4e0d\u9069\uff0c\u5982\u5641\u5fc3<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u9ad8\u5291\u91cf\u6216\u6703\u4ee4\u4eba\u7cbe\u795e\u7dca\u5f35\u3001\u7126\u616e\u3001\u5931\u7720\u3001\u5fc3\u8df3\u52a0\u901f\u3001\u589e\u52a0\u9223\u6d41\u5931<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5efa\u8b70\u6210\u4eba\u4e00\u65e5\u651d\u53d6\u4e0d\u591a\u65bc 400 \u6beb\u514b\u5496\u5561\u56e0<\/td>\n

\u5496\u5561\u56e0\u6216\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u67d0\u4e9b\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u6c23\u7ba1\u8212\u5f35\u85e5 theophylline\u3001\u901a\u9f3b\u585e\u85e5\u9ebb\u9ec4\u7d20 ephedra\u3001\u4e9e\u58eb\u5339\u9748 aspirin<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u67d0\u4e9b\u85e5\u7269\u6216\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u5496\u5561\u56e0\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u80c3\u85e5 cimetidine\u3001\u907f\u5b55\u85e5<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u751c\u83dc (\u7d05\u83dc)<\/p>\n

Beet<\/p>\n

(\u785d\u9178\u9e7d Nitrate<\/p>\n

\u7684\u4f86\u6e90)<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u785d\u9178\u9e7d\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u7dda\u7c92\u9ad4 (\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u63d0\u4f9b\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u7d50\u69cb) \u9032\u884c\u547c\u5438\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u3001\u589e\u52a0\u808c\u8089\u8840\u6d41\u91cf\u3001\u589e\u5f37\u5feb\u7e2e\u808c\u7e96\u7dad\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u9032\u884c\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u7684\u9593\u6b47\u6027\u9ad8\u5f37\u5ea6\u904b\u52d5<\/span>\uff0c\u6216\u9577\u6642\u9593\u505a\u4f4e\u65bc\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u904b\u52d5<\/span>\uff0c\u4ea6\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u8010\u529b\u904b\u52d5<\/span> (\u5982\u9577\u8dd1\u3001\u6e38\u6cf3\u3001\u55ae\u8eca\u3001\u5212\u8239) \u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u8179\u7009\/\u4fbf\u79d8\u3001\u5641\u5fc3<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u5c0f\u4fbf\u548c\u5927\u4fbf\u5e36\u6dfa\u7d05\u8272<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u904e\u91cf\u651d\u53d6\u6216\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u9223\u6d41\u5931\u53ca\u5f71\u97ff\u814e\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u7121\u5df2\u77e5\u91cd\u8981\u85e5\u7269\u76f8\u6c96<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u78b3\u9178\u6c2b\u9209<\/p>\n

Sodium bicarbonate<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u4f5c\u70ba\u9e7c\u6027\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u80fd\u6e1b\u4f4e\u808c\u8089\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u9178\u5ea6\u548c\u808c\u8089\u5167\u7684\u4e73\u9178\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u6e1b\u5c11\u808c\u8089\u9178\u75db\u548c\u75b2\u52de<\/span>\u3002\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6301\u7e8c\u9ad8\u5f37\u5ea6\u904b\u52d5<\/span>\u548c\u91cd\u8986\u6027\u9ad8\u5f37\u5ea6\u885d\u523a\u52d5\u4f5c<\/span>\u7d04\u6578\u5206\u9418\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u5e38\u898b\u6709\u8178\u80c3\u4e0d\u9069\uff0c\u5982\u5641\u5fc3\u3001\u5614\u5410\u3001\u53e3\u6e34\u3001\u8179\u7009\u3001\u8179\u75db\u3001\u8179\u8139\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u6216\u5f71\u97ff\u904b\u52d5\u8868\u73fe<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u9ad8\u8840\u58d3\u3001\u5fc3\u8870\u7aed\u3001\u814e\u75c5\u3001\u66fe\u60a3\u8178\/\u80c3\u6f70\u760d\u4eba\u58eb<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u56b4\u91cd\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u8868\u5fb5 (\u7acb\u5373\u6c42\u91ab !) \u5305\u62ec\u904e\u654f\u53cd\u61c9\u3001\u4e0b\u80a2\u816b\u8139\u3001\u7570\u5e38\u75b2\u5026\u3001\u6688\u7729\u3001\u808c\u8089\u75bc\u75db\u3001\u62bd\u6410\u3001\u5614\u5410\u7269 \/ \u5c3f\u6db2 \/ \u5927\u4fbf\u5e36\u8840\u6216\u5448\u6df1\u5561\u8272<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u78b3\u9178\u6c2b\u9209\u6216\u6703\u6e1b\u5c11\u67d0\u4e9b\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u6e1b\u4f4e\u5176\u85e5\u6548\uff0c\u5982\ufe30\u90e8\u4efd\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u3001\u6297\u771f\u83cc\u85e5\u3001\u6297\u75c5\u6bd2\u85e5\u3001\u9435\u8cea<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u78b3\u9178\u6c2b\u9209\u6216\u6703\u963b\u7919\u67d0\u4e9b\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u6392\u6cc4\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u589e\u52a0\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5982\ufe30\u90e8\u4efd\u5fc3\u5f8b\u4e0d\u6b63\u85e5\u7269\u3001\u6d88\u708e\u6b62\u75db\u85e5\u3001\u4e9e\u58eb\u5339\u9748<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u03b2-\u4e19\u6c28\u9178<\/p>\n

Beta-alanine<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u8eab\u9ad4\u7528\u03b2-\u4e19\u6c28\u9178\u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u88fd\u9020\u808c\u80bd\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u80fd\u5e73\u8861\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u9178\u9e7c\u5ea6\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6536\u7e2e\u808c\u8089\u5167\u9178\u6027\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7684\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u808c\u8089\u75b2\u52de\u548c\u5931\u80fd<\/span>\u3002\u6709\u52a9\u6301\u7e8c\u9ad8\u5f37\u5ea6\u904b\u52d5<\/span>\u7d04\u6578\u5206\u9418\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u9ad8\u5291\u91cf (\u5982\u591a\u65bc 800 \u6beb\u514b\u6216\u6bcf\u516c\u65a4\u9ad4\u91cd\u591a\u65bc 10 \u6beb\u514b) \u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u611f\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u5982\u9762\u90e8\u548c\u4e0a\u8eab\u6709\u9ebb\u523a\u611f\u89ba<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u76ae\u819a\u75d5\u7662\u3001\u51fa\u75b9<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u7121\u5df2\u77e5\u91cd\u8981\u85e5\u7269\u76f8\u6c96<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\u03b2-\u7fa5\u57fa-\u03b2-\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u9178<\/p>\n

Beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB)<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

HMB \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u7684\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7269\uff0c\u80fd\u6e1b\u5c11\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5206\u89e3\u4e26\u589e\u52a0\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3001\u81bd\u56fa\u9187\u548c\u751f\u9577\u6fc0\u7d20\u7684\u88fd\u9020\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u53d7\u58d3\u548c\u53d7\u640d\u7684\u808c\u8089\u7d30\u80de\u56de\u5fa9\u7d50\u69cb\u548c\u529f\u80fd<\/span>\u3002<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u7121\u5df2\u77e5\u91cd\u8981\u526f\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

\u7121\u5df2\u77e5\u91cd\u8981\u85e5\u7269\u76f8\u6c96<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u662f\u5426\u7d93\u5e38\u505a\u904b\u52d5\u6216\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u670d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u904b\u52d5\u8868\u73fe\u5462\uff1f\u5230\u5e95\u5982\u4f55\u9078\u64c7\u9069\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1\u5462\uff1f\u4ee5\u4e0a\u63d0\u53ca\u6210\u4efd\u5728\u773e\u591a\u9078\u64c7\u4e2d\u76f8\u5c0d\u6709\u8f03\u591a\u6709\u529b\u8b49\u64da\u652f\u6301\u5176\u6210\u6548\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f03\u5c11\u5df2\u77e5\u56b4\u91cd\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u53ea\u662f\u76f8\u5c0d\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u56e0\u5f88\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u898f\u6a21\u8f03\u5c0f (\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u6578\u91cf\u592a\u5c11\uff0c\u5341\u6578\u540d\u5230\u6578\u5341\u540d\u4e0d\u7b49)\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c31\u55ae\u4e00\u6216\u6578\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u6982\u62ec\u67d0\u6210\u4efd\u5c0d\u65bc\u63d0\u5347\u904b\u52d5\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u6210\u6548\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u80cc\u666f\u591a\u5143\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u822c\u5065\u5eb7\u53c8\u6c92\u6709\u904b\u52d5\u7fd2\u6163\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u5230\u8077\u696d\u904b\u52d5\u54e1<\/li>\n
  • \u4e0d\u540c\u904b\u52d5\u54e1\u7fa4\u7d44\uff0c\u5982\u4e0d\u540c\u6027\u5225\u3001\u5e74\u9f61<\/li>\n
  • \u6c92\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u589e\u88dc\u5291\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5982\u7279\u5b9a\u7522\u54c1\u3001\u5291\u91cf\u3001\u651d\u5165\u6642\u9593 (\u904b\u52d5\u524d\/\u5f8c)\u3001\u9700\u5426\u914d\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u71df\u990a\u651d\u53d6\u6216\u904b\u52d5\u6280\u5de7<\/li>\n
  • \u8868\u73fe\u6e2c\u8a66\u6307\u6a19\u6c92\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u6216\u6e2c\u8a66\u9032\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u56b4\u8b39<\/li>\n
  • \u6c92\u6709\u8003\u616e\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u904b\u52d5\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u98f2\u98df\u7fd2\u6163\u6539\u8b8a\u3001\u6b63\u5728\u670d\u5176\u4ed6\u88dc\u5145\u5291<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u518d\u8005\uff0c\u90e8\u4efd\u7522\u54c1\u6216\u6703\u647b\u5165\u897f\u85e5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7981\u85e5\u5982\u985e\u56fa\u9187\u3001\u8377\u723e\u8499\u3001\u5728\u901a\u9f3b\u585e\u7522\u54c1\u6703\u627e\u5230\u7684\u9ebb\u9ec3\u9e7c (ephedrine) \u6216\u507d\u9ebb\u9ec3\u9e7c (pseudoephedrine)\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5f15\u8d77\u66f4\u591a\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u6216\u85e5\u7269\u76f8\u6c96\uff0c\u904b\u52d5\u54e1\u5247\u56e0\u6b64\u610f\u5916\u932f\u5931\u53c3\u8cfd\u8cc7\u683c\u3002\u56e0\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1\u6c92\u6709\u7d93\u85e5\u7269\u76e3\u7ba1\u6a5f\u69cb\u6216\u76f8\u95dc\u6cd5\u4f8b\u8a55\u6838\u53ca\u8a3b\u518a\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7684\u914d\u65b9\uff0c\u5176\u6709\u6548\u6210\u5206\u4f86\u6e90\u548c\u542b\u91cf\u4e0d\u660e\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u8a55\u4f30\u5176\u54c1\u8cea\u512a\u52a3\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7372\u5c08\u696d\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8a8d\u8b49\u6a5f\u69cb\u8a8d\u8b49\u7684\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1 (\u4e26\u975e\u53ea\u8a8d\u8b49\u55ae\u4e00\u54c1\u724c\u6216\u85e5\u5ee0) \u8f03\u7a69\u59a5\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u589e\u88dc\u5291\u7684\u6210\u6548\u56e0\u4eba\u800c\u7570\u3002\u8981\u4f7f\u5176\u767c\u63ee\u6700\u5927\u6548\u80fd\uff0c\u5fc5\u9700\u914d\u5408\u5168\u9762\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\u548c\u71df\u990a\u8a08\u5283\uff0c\u589e\u88dc\u5291\u53ea\u662f\u8f14\u52a9\u524d\u8005\u7684\u529f\u6548\u800c\u5df2\u3002\u904b\u52d5\u54e1\u6216\u6709\u610f\u900f\u904e\u904b\u52d5\u9054\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u76ee\u7684 (\u5982\u5065\u7f8e) \u7684\u4eba\u6700\u7406\u60f3\u662f\u5c0b\u6c42\u904b\u52d5\u91ab\u5b78\u5c08\u696d\u4eba\u58eb\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u91ab\u751f\u3001\u71df\u990a\u5e2b\u3001\u7269\u7406\u6cbb\u7642\u5e2b\u7b49\u70ba\u5176\u5ea6\u8eab\u8a02\u505a\u4e00\u5957\u5408\u9069\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u900f\u904e\u5747\u8861\u98f2\u98df\u548c\u6046\u5e38\u904b\u52d5\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u5065\u5eb7\u4fbf\u53ef\uff0c\u82e5\u8003\u616e\u7528\u904b\u52d5\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1\uff0c\u53ef\u8aee\u8a62\u91ab\u751f\u548c\u85e5\u5291\u5e2b\u610f\u898b\u3002<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Maughan RJ, et al. IOC consensus statement: dietary supplements and the high-performance athlete. Br J Sports Med<\/em>. 2018;52:439-455.<\/li>\n
    2. Kerksick CM, et al. ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review update: research & recommendations. J Int Soc Sports Nutr<\/em>. 2018;15:38.<\/li>\n
    3. Thomas DT, et al. Nutrition and Athletic Performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc<\/em>. 2016;48:543-568.<\/li>\n
    4. Office of Dietary Supplements. National Institutes of Health. Dietary Supplements for Exercise and Athletic Performance \u2013 Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. 2022. Available at https:\/\/ods.od.nih.gov\/factsheets\/ExerciseAndAthleticPerformance-HealthProfessional\/.<\/li>\n
    5. MedlinePlus [Internet]. National Library of Medicine. Sodium Bicarbonate. 2017. Available at https:\/\/medlineplus.gov\/druginfo\/meds\/a682001.html.<\/li>\n
    6. Medscape [Internet]. Sodium bicarbonate (Rx). No date. Available at https:\/\/reference.medscape.com\/drug\/sodium-bicarbonate-342305#0.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u4f5c\u8005\ufe30\u8a3b\u518a\u85e5\u5291\u5e2b<\/p>\n

      \u6700\u5f8c\u66f4\u65b0\u65e5\u671f\ufe302022 \u5e74 9 \u6708<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u5e02\u9762\u4e0a\u8072\u7a31\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u904b\u52d5\u6548\u80fd\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u4e00\u822c\u53ef\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u589e\u88dc\u5291 (ergogenic aid)\u3002\u589e\u88dc\u5291\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u5f37\u529b\u91cf\u6216\u8010\u529b\uff0c\u6216\u63d0\u9ad8\u904b\u52d5\u6062\u5fa9\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u6e1b\u5c11\u904b\u52d5\u5e36\u4f86\u7684\u50b7\u5bb3\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u904b\u52d5\u8868\u73fe\u6216\u9069\u61c9\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u66f4\u5feb\u9054\u5230\u904b\u52d5\u8868\u73fe\u76ee\u6a19\u3002\u589e\u88dc\u5291\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1 (\u5982\u808c\u9178)\u3001\u71df\u990a\u88dc\u5145\u5291 (\u5982\u9435\u8cea\u3001\u7dad\u4ed6\u547d D\u3001\u86cb\u767d\u8cea)\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u897f\u85e5\u3001\u8a13\u7df4\u6280\u5de7\u6216\u5fc3\u7406\u6280\u8853\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6982\u8ff0\u5e7e\u7a2e\u6700\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1 \u2014\u2014 \u808c\u9178\u3001\u5496\u5561\u56e0\u3001\u751c\u83dc\u3001\u78b3\u9178\u6c2b\u9209\u3001\u03b2-\u4e19\u6c28\u9178\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u03b2-\u7fa5\u57fa-\u03b2-\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u9178 (HMB)\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u539f\u7406\u548c\u6548\u7528<\/strong>
      \n\u526f\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong>
      \n\u85e5\u7269\u76f8\u6c96<\/strong><\/p>\n

      \u808c\u9178<\/p>\n

      Creatine<\/p>\n

       
      \n\u808c\u9178\u662f\u7531\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u88fd\u6210\u7684\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u4eba\u9ad4\u80fd\u81ea\u7136\u88fd\u9020\uff0c\u4ea6\u80fd\u5f9e\u98f2\u98df\u4e2d\u651d\u53d6\uff0c\u5982\u6d77\u9bae\u548c\u7d05\u8089\u3002\u900f\u904e\u589e\u52a0\u808c\u8089\u4e2d\u808c\u9178\u7684\u8caf\u5099\u548c\u808c\u7403\u86cb\u767d\u88fd\u9020\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u9032\u884c\u91cd\u8986\u6027\u9593\u6b47\u6027\u9ad8\u5f37\u5ea6\u904b\u52d5 (\u5982\u968a\u969b\u904b\u52d5\u3001\u6bd4\u8cfd) \u7684\u6548\u80fd\u3001\u9054\u81f3\u9577\u9060\u8a13\u7df4\u5982\u963b\u529b\u8a13\u7df4\u548c\u9593\u6b47\u5f0f\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u6de8\u9ad4\u91cd (\u6e1b\u53bb\u8102\u80aa\u7684\u9ad4\u91cd) \u548c\u808c\u8089\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u808c\u9178\u4ea6\u80fd\u5e6b\u52a9\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u5f8c\u808c\u8089\u4fee\u5fa9\uff0c\u5982\u9072\u767c\u6027\u808c\u8089\u75e0\u75db\u3002<\/p>\n

       
      \n\u9ad4\u91cd\u589e\u52a0 (\u56e0\u4ee4\u8eab\u9ad4\u5132\u6c34)<\/p>\n

      \u4e0d\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u814e\u529f\u80fd\u4e0d\u5168\u4eba\u58eb<\/p>\n

       
      \n\u7121\u5df2\u77e5\u91cd\u8981\u85e5\u7269\u76f8\u6c96<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u5496\u5561\u56e0<\/p>\n

      Caffeine<\/p>\n

       
      \n\u4fc3\u9032\u808c\u8cea\u7db2 (\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u8ca0\u8cac\u808c\u8089\u6536\u7e2e\u7684\u7d50\u69cb) \u91cb\u653e\u9223\u3001\u63d0\u5347\u808c\u8089\u795e\u7d93\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u589e\u52a0\u80fa\u591a\u915a\u91cb\u653e\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u904b\u52d5\u8010\u529b (\u5982\u9577\u8dd1) \u548c\u9032\u884c\u77ed\u66ab\u8d85\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u6216\u91cd\u8986\u885d\u523a\u52d5\u4f5c (\u5982\u8db3\u7403) \u7684\u6548\u80fd\u3001\u6e1b\u5c11\u808c\u8089\u75b2\u52de\u548c\u75bc\u75db\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u4e26\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u8b66\u89ba\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       
      \n\u8178\u80c3\u4e0d\u9069\uff0c\u5982\u5641\u5fc3<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u9ad8\u5291\u91cf\u6216\u6703\u4ee4\u4eba\u7cbe\u795e\u7dca\u5f35\u3001\u7126\u616e\u3001\u5931\u7720\u3001\u5fc3\u8df3\u52a0\u901f\u3001\u589e\u52a0\u9223\u6d41\u5931<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u5efa\u8b70\u6210\u4eba\u4e00\u65e5\u651d\u53d6\u4e0d\u591a\u65bc 400 \u6beb\u514b\u5496\u5561\u56e0
      \n\u5496\u5561\u56e0\u6216\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u67d0\u4e9b\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u6c23\u7ba1\u8212\u5f35\u85e5 theophylline\u3001\u901a\u9f3b\u585e\u85e5\u9ebb\u9ec4\u7d20 ephedra\u3001\u4e9e\u58eb\u5339\u9748 aspirin<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u67d0\u4e9b\u85e5\u7269\u6216\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u5496\u5561\u56e0\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5982\uff1a\u80c3\u85e5 cimetidine\u3001\u907f\u5b55\u85e5<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u751c\u83dc (\u7d05\u83dc)<\/p>\n

      Beet<\/p>\n

      (\u785d\u9178\u9e7d Nitrate<\/p>\n

      \u7684\u4f86\u6e90)<\/p>\n

       
      \n\u785d\u9178\u9e7d\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u7dda\u7c92\u9ad4 (\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u63d0\u4f9b\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u7d50\u69cb) \u9032\u884c\u547c\u5438\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u6548\u80fd\u3001\u589e\u52a0\u808c\u8089\u8840\u6d41\u91cf\u3001\u589e\u5f37\u5feb\u7e2e\u808c\u7e96\u7dad\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u9032\u884c\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u7684\u9593\u6b47\u6027\u9ad8\u5f37\u5ea6\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u6216\u9577\u6642\u9593\u505a\u4f4e\u65bc\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u7684\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u4ea6\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u8010\u529b\u904b\u52d5 (\u5982\u9577\u8dd1\u3001\u6e38\u6cf3\u3001\u55ae\u8eca\u3001\u5212\u8239) \u7684\u8868\u73fe\u3002<\/p>\n

       
      \n\u8179\u7009\/\u4fbf\u79d8\u3001\u5641\u5fc3<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u5c0f\u4fbf\u548c\u5927\u4fbf\u5e36\u6dfa\u7d05\u8272<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u904e\u91cf\u651d\u53d6\u6216\u6703\u589e\u52a0\u9223\u6d41\u5931\u53ca\u5f71\u97ff\u814e\u529f\u80fd<\/p>\n

       
      \n\u7121\u5df2\u77e5\u91cd\u8981\u85e5\u7269\u76f8\u6c96<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u78b3\u9178\u6c2b\u9209<\/p>\n

      Sodium bicarbonate<\/p>\n

       
      \n\u4f5c\u70ba\u9e7c\u6027\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u80fd\u6e1b\u4f4e\u808c\u8089\u7d30\u80de\u7684\u9178\u5ea6\u548c\u808c\u8089\u5167\u7684\u4e73\u9178\u6c34\u5e73\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u6e1b\u5c11\u808c\u8089\u9178\u75db\u548c\u75b2\u52de\u3002\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u6301\u7e8c\u9ad8\u5f37\u5ea6\u904b\u52d5\u548c\u91cd\u8986\u6027\u9ad8\u5f37\u5ea6\u885d\u523a\u52d5\u4f5c\u7d04\u6578\u5206\u9418\u3002<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       
      \n\u5e38\u898b\u6709\u8178\u80c3\u4e0d\u9069\uff0c\u5982\u5641\u5fc3\u3001\u5614\u5410\u3001\u53e3\u6e34\u3001\u8179\u7009\u3001\u8179\u75db\u3001\u8179\u8139\uff0c\u56e0\u800c\u6216\u5f71\u97ff\u904b\u52d5\u8868\u73fe<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u4e0d\u9069\u7528\u65bc\u9ad8\u8840\u58d3\u3001\u5fc3\u8870\u7aed\u3001\u814e\u75c5\u3001\u66fe\u60a3\u8178\/\u80c3\u6f70\u760d\u4eba\u58eb<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u56b4\u91cd\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u8868\u5fb5 (\u7acb\u5373\u6c42\u91ab !) \u5305\u62ec\u904e\u654f\u53cd\u61c9\u3001\u4e0b\u80a2\u816b\u8139\u3001\u7570\u5e38\u75b2\u5026\u3001\u6688\u7729\u3001\u808c\u8089\u75bc\u75db\u3001\u62bd\u6410\u3001\u5614\u5410\u7269 \/ \u5c3f\u6db2 \/ \u5927\u4fbf\u5e36\u8840\u6216\u5448\u6df1\u5561\u8272<\/p>\n

       
      \n\u78b3\u9178\u6c2b\u9209\u6216\u6703\u6e1b\u5c11\u67d0\u4e9b\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u5438\u6536\uff0c\u6e1b\u4f4e\u5176\u85e5\u6548\uff0c\u5982\ufe30\u90e8\u4efd\u6297\u751f\u7d20\u3001\u6297\u771f\u83cc\u85e5\u3001\u6297\u75c5\u6bd2\u85e5\u3001\u9435\u8cea<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u78b3\u9178\u6c2b\u9209\u6216\u6703\u963b\u7919\u67d0\u4e9b\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u6392\u6cc4\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f4\u589e\u52a0\u85e5\u7269\u7684\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5982\ufe30\u90e8\u4efd\u5fc3\u5f8b\u4e0d\u6b63\u85e5\u7269\u3001\u6d88\u708e\u6b62\u75db\u85e5\u3001\u4e9e\u58eb\u5339\u9748<\/p>\n

      \u03b2-\u4e19\u6c28\u9178<\/p>\n

      Beta-alanine<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

       
      \n\u8eab\u9ad4\u7528\u03b2-\u4e19\u6c28\u9178\u548c\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u88fd\u9020\u808c\u80bd\uff0c\u4e00\u7a2e\u80fd\u5e73\u8861\u7d30\u80de\u5167\u9178\u9e7c\u5ea6\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u6536\u7e2e\u808c\u8089\u5167\u9178\u6027\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7684\u7269\u8cea\uff0c\u4ee5\u6e1b\u5c11\u808c\u8089\u75b2\u52de\u548c\u5931\u80fd\u3002\u6709\u52a9\u6301\u7e8c\u9ad8\u5f37\u5ea6\u904b\u52d5\u7d04\u6578\u5206\u9418\u3002<\/p>\n

       
      \n\u9ad8\u5291\u91cf (\u5982\u591a\u65bc 800 \u6beb\u514b\u6216\u6bcf\u516c\u65a4\u9ad4\u91cd\u591a\u65bc 10 \u6beb\u514b) \u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u611f\u89ba\u7570\u5e38\uff0c\u5982\u9762\u90e8\u548c\u4e0a\u8eab\u6709\u9ebb\u523a\u611f\u89ba<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u76ae\u819a\u75d5\u7662\u3001\u51fa\u75b9<\/p>\n

       
      \n\u7121\u5df2\u77e5\u91cd\u8981\u85e5\u7269\u76f8\u6c96<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u03b2-\u7fa5\u57fa-\u03b2-\u7532\u57fa\u4e01\u9178<\/p>\n

      Beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB)<\/p>\n

       
      \nHMB \u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u80fa\u57fa\u9178\u7684\u4ee3\u8b1d\u7269\uff0c\u80fd\u6e1b\u5c11\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u5206\u89e3\u4e26\u589e\u52a0\u86cb\u767d\u8cea\u3001\u81bd\u56fa\u9187\u548c\u751f\u9577\u6fc0\u7d20\u7684\u88fd\u9020\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e6b\u52a9\u53d7\u58d3\u548c\u53d7\u640d\u7684\u808c\u8089\u7d30\u80de\u56de\u5fa9\u7d50\u69cb\u548c\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

       
      \n\u7121\u5df2\u77e5\u91cd\u8981\u526f\u4f5c\u7528<\/p>\n

       
      \n\u7121\u5df2\u77e5\u91cd\u8981\u85e5\u7269\u76f8\u6c96<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u662f\u5426\u7d93\u5e38\u505a\u904b\u52d5\u6216\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u670d\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1\u4ee5\u63d0\u5347\u904b\u52d5\u8868\u73fe\u5462\uff1f\u5230\u5e95\u5982\u4f55\u9078\u64c7\u9069\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u904b\u52d5\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1\u5462\uff1f\u4ee5\u4e0a\u63d0\u53ca\u6210\u4efd\u5728\u773e\u591a\u9078\u64c7\u4e2d\u76f8\u5c0d\u6709\u8f03\u591a\u6709\u529b\u8b49\u64da\u652f\u6301\u5176\u6210\u6548\u4ee5\u53ca\u8f03\u5c11\u5df2\u77e5\u56b4\u91cd\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u53ea\u662f\u76f8\u5c0d\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u56e0\u5f88\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u898f\u6a21\u8f03\u5c0f (\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u6578\u91cf\u592a\u5c11\uff0c\u5341\u6578\u540d\u5230\u6578\u5341\u540d\u4e0d\u7b49)\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c31\u55ae\u4e00\u6216\u6578\u9805\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u6982\u62ec\u67d0\u6210\u4efd\u5c0d\u65bc\u63d0\u5347\u904b\u52d5\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u6210\u6548\uff0c\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u80cc\u666f\u591a\u5143\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u822c\u5065\u5eb7\u53c8\u6c92\u6709\u904b\u52d5\u7fd2\u6163\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u5230\u8077\u696d\u904b\u52d5\u54e1
      \n\u4e0d\u540c\u904b\u52d5\u54e1\u7fa4\u7d44\uff0c\u5982\u4e0d\u540c\u6027\u5225\u3001\u5e74\u9f61
      \n\u6c92\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u589e\u88dc\u5291\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5982\u7279\u5b9a\u7522\u54c1\u3001\u5291\u91cf\u3001\u651d\u5165\u6642\u9593 (\u904b\u52d5\u524d\/\u5f8c)\u3001\u9700\u5426\u914d\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u71df\u990a\u651d\u53d6\u6216\u904b\u52d5\u6280\u5de7
      \n\u8868\u73fe\u6e2c\u8a66\u6307\u6a19\u6c92\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u6216\u6e2c\u8a66\u9032\u884c\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u56b4\u8b39
      \n\u6c92\u6709\u8003\u616e\u5176\u4ed6\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u53d7\u8a66\u8005\u904b\u52d5\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5982\u98f2\u98df\u7fd2\u6163\u6539\u8b8a\u3001\u6b63\u5728\u670d\u5176\u4ed6\u88dc\u5145\u5291<\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \u518d\u8005\uff0c\u90e8\u4efd\u7522\u54c1\u6216\u6703\u647b\u5165\u897f\u85e5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7981\u85e5\u5982\u985e\u56fa\u9187\u3001\u8377\u723e\u8499\u3001\u5728\u901a\u9f3b\u585e\u7522\u54c1\u6703\u627e\u5230\u7684\u9ebb\u9ec3\u9e7c (ephedrine) \u6216\u507d\u9ebb\u9ec3\u9e7c (pseudoephedrine)\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u5f15\u8d77\u66f4\u591a\u526f\u4f5c\u7528\u6216\u85e5\u7269\u76f8\u6c96\uff0c\u904b\u52d5\u54e1\u5247\u56e0\u6b64\u610f\u5916\u932f\u5931\u53c3\u8cfd\u8cc7\u683c\u3002\u56e0\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u4efd\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1\u6c92\u6709\u7d93\u85e5\u7269\u76e3\u7ba1\u6a5f\u69cb\u6216\u76f8\u95dc\u6cd5\u4f8b\u8a55\u6838\u53ca\u8a3b\u518a\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7684\u914d\u65b9\uff0c\u5176\u6709\u6548\u6210\u5206\u4f86\u6e90\u548c\u542b\u91cf\u4e0d\u660e\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u8a55\u4f30\u5176\u54c1\u8cea\u512a\u52a3\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7372\u5c08\u696d\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u8a8d\u8b49\u6a5f\u69cb\u8a8d\u8b49\u7684\u4fdd\u5065\u54c1 (\u4e26\u975e\u53ea\u8a8d\u8b49\u55ae\u4e00\u54c1\u724c\u6216\u85e5\u5ee0) […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3341,"featured_media":7056,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[38,39,92],"tags":[],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7049"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3341"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7049"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7049\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10331,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7049\/revisions\/10331"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7056"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7049"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7049"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.stdhc.org.hk\/express\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7049"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}